吉林省矿产资源“十二五”规划战略构想     

邵建波  钟长林 《吉林地质》2011,30(2):1-9

总结了吉林省“十一五”期间地质勘查、矿产资源领域取得的成就和存在的问题,研究了“十二五”地质矿产供需形势,提出了全省“十二五”矿产资源规划指导思想、规划目标、主要任务和保证措施.  相似文献   

煤矸石回填地基的环境效应研究     

李树志  白国良  田迎斌 《西安地质学院学报》2011,(4):412-415,420

为了弄清楚煤矸石回填地基对复垦区的环境效应,以开滦矿区吕家坨复垦新村为例,介绍了地基回填煤矸石工艺,分析了煤矸石化学成分及其含量;采用室内淋溶实验,对pH、总硬度（CaCO3）、F^-、SO4^2-、Pb、Cd和Cr^6＋浓度等地下水环境质量指标进行分析,探讨了煤矸石回填地基对水环境的影响;讨论了煤矸石回填地基对大气质量的影响;参照《城市放射性废物管理办法》规定,评价了回填地基煤矸石的放射性对人体健康的危害。结果表明：通过现场振动压实试验确定了回填地基分层充填、分层振动压实参数及碾压趟数,确定按照煤矸石与土体积之比5：2进行回填,若回填一层厚500mm煤矸石,则要回填一层厚200mm粉煤灰或土,地表覆土厚度确定为0．5m;煤矸石中SiO2和Al2O3含量较高,属基性岩类,同时煤矸石含有炭、铝和CaO等物质,易发生水解和风化等现象;地基分层回填压实的复垦工艺减少了煤矸石中有害物质的释放量,降低了污染物的迁移速度,不会对水环境造成污染;地基回填煤矸石也显著减少粉尘和有害气体的排放量,降低对大气的污染;研究区煤矸石不属于放射性废物,不会影响人体健康,可作为建筑材料使用。  相似文献   

基于投影寻踪模型的水质综合评价     

王暄 《地下水》2011,(4):5-6

针对投影寻踪模型中投影指标函数的最优化计算复杂问题,采用加速遗传算法加快寻优速度,解决了投影寻踪过程中最优化问题。实例计算表明,该模型可处理复杂多指标优化问题,是解决复杂水质综合评价的有效途径。  相似文献   

西石门铁矿环境水文地质分析与评价     

文孝贵 《地下水》2011,(1):150-151,153

通过分析西石门铁矿环境水文地质特征,依据水环境污染综合评价指数方法对矿区地下水环境质量的现状进行了评价.简要阐述了矿区生产和老窿水的存在对地下水资源造成的影响,矿区井巷工程在地下水位以下施工后地下水环境的一些变化趋势及初步预防措施,为将来矿区深部生产过程中提供了参考资料.  相似文献   

浅析松原市地下水水位动态及环境问题   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

田辉  郭晓东  刘强  张文强 《地下水》2011,(6):45-46

随着松原市社会经济的发展,地下水开采量逐年增大,由此引发的环境地质问题逐渐加剧,如地下水水位下降、地下水降落漏斗、水质污染、土壤沙漠化、饮水型地方病问题等等.利用水位动态观测资料,对松原市地下水动态分析,总结了近几年地下水开发利用现状,并针对人类活动所引起的地下水环境问题,提出自己的建议.  相似文献   

吉林省双辽市氟中毒病区与非病区水文地球化学特征     

孙述海  迟宝明  孙亚红  熊绍礼 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2011,(Z1):328-332,354

双辽市氟中毒病区与非病区地下水水化学类型均处于重碳酸型水带内。病区水文地球化学作用处于元素迁移—富集的过渡阶段或元素富集阶段的初期,其水化学类型呈现由HCO3→HCO3.Cl→Cl.HCO3型水的分带性展布,地下水溶解固体浓度为0.5～2.0 mg/L;非病区则处于元素迁移阶段,其水化学类型则为单一的HCO3.Ca型水,地下水溶解固体浓度一般均低于0.5 mg/L。地方性氟中毒的分布与区域水文地球化学特征之间存在着一定的联系,此种关系虽然不可作为病因看待,但仍可当作一种环境标志加以考虑。  相似文献   

上海深基坑工程环境地质问题及防治对策     

施亚霖 《上海国土资源》2011,32(2):92-94,98

结合上海城区某深基坑工程,针对项目特点与场区地质条件,分析了工程建设可能引发的基坑水土突涌、基坑边坡稳定、砂土渗流液化、基坑开挖和降水过程中地基变形和地面沉降等环境地质问题,进行危险性评价,并提出了防治对策措施。  相似文献   

海南岛三亚小东海岸礁礁坪沉积物的稀土元素分布特征   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

王月  沈建伟  王旭  杨红强  刘苗苗 《海洋地质与第四纪地质》2011,(5):59-66

对海南岛三亚小东海东北岸礁礁坪表面沉积物的稀土元素进行了分析,结果表明,沉积物的∑REE为80.22mg/kg,稀土元素含量球粒陨石标准化分布模式呈现轻稀土富集、重稀土亏损,Eu明显负异常(0.58),Ce无异常,Y/Ho低(27.60)的陆相模式特征.根据小东海礁坪沉积样品稀土元素的空间分布情况可以推测出礁坪珊瑚表面...  相似文献   

Calanoid copepods assemblages in Pearl River Estuary of China in summer: Relationships between species distribution and environmental variables     

Duan Lin  XiuQin LiHongDa Fang  YanHong DongZhuoXuan Huang  JiaHui Chen 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2011

To study the relationships between species distribution and environmental variables, calanoid copepods were classified and enumerated, and environmental variables were analyzed along 91 sites of the Pearl River Estuary (China) and adjacent waters. The 91 sites were divided into 3 groups based on surface salinity: the Inner area had salinity level below 10‰ and was mostly located in the Pearl River Estuary, the Coastal area had salinity between 10‰ and 32‰ and was almost located along the coastline, while the Offshore area had salinity level higher than 32‰ and was mainly located in the open area. Indicator Species Analysis was conducted to identify the indicator species within each group from among all calanoid copepods taxa. We found that the Inner area was characterized by Acartiella sinensis, Pseudodiaptomus poplesia and Pseudodiaptomus inopinus, the coastal area was characterized by Temora turbinata and Subeucalanus subcrassus, and the Offshore area was characterized by Paracandacia truncata, Subeucalanus subtenuis, Euchaeta rimana, Pareucalanus attenuatus, Rhincalanus cornutus, Cosmocalanus darwini, Centropages gracilis, Undinula vulgaris, Nannocalanus minor and Paraeuchaeta russelli. Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA) was used to identify relevant biotic and abiotic parameters that can best explain the distribution of calanoid copepods. CCA showed that during the summer of 2006, salinity, nutrient variables, especially SiO₃–Si, NO₃–N and DTN, Depth and Chl a were the environmental variables that strongly impacted the distribution and community structure of calanoid copepods.  相似文献   

The role of international environmental instruments in enhancing transboundary marine protected areas: An approach in East Africa     

José Guerreiro  Aldo Chircop  David Dzidzornu  Catarina Grilo  Raquel Ribeiro  Rudy van der Elst  Ana Viras 《Marine Policy》2011

The increasing degradation of marine ecosystems has led to multiple calls for greater protection through the establishment of marine protected areas (MPAs). If created at the ecosystem or ecoregion level, MPAs will likely straddle maritime boundaries and therefore necessitate international cooperation. International environmental law and international law of the sea may facilitate cooperation between States in creating transboundary MPAs. The extent to which this body of law is actually or potentially useful for the establishment of transboundary MPAs is examined in the context of the East African Marine Ecoregion, focusing on Mozambique, South Africa, and Tanzania. A general survey and assessment of the applicable global, regional, and bilateral instruments in relation to the three States is conducted. Although some global instruments are relevant in the East African context, regional and bilateral instruments are more conducive to the establishment of transboundary MPAs. The article concludes that although a trilateral agreement between Mozambique, South Africa, and Tanzania would be an ideal vehicle for the establishment of a transboundary network of MPAs addressing both national and ecoregional conservation interests, a separate solution at each border will be the first step towards this goal.  相似文献